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This-essay is a8312022.htm which is available at the web-site www.essayz.com. See more notes at the bottom. Previous-Essay <== This-Essay ==> Following-Essay By-Months By-Years By-Words Webs of Like-&-Un-Like ESSAYS <==> Like-&-UN-Like This-One ========================================================== %SELF-REFERENTIAL BELIEF SYSTEMS SCIENCE 831202 The belief systems in which groups of people trust are self-referential. If a belief system includes the belief that the system itself has negative value, people cannot reasonably believe in it. If the belief system includes no belief about the value of the system, it will not compete effectively against belief systems whose believers believe that their systems have positive value. Thus the belief systems in which groups of people trust are self-referential with positive self references. To avoid unchecked self-referential bias a belief system must in some basic way refer it's followers to criteria for validation which transcend the nature of and the content of the system. The system must guide it's followers to regularly check it's value within their competitive environment, to see if the community of believers can with integrity continue to affirm the value of the system. The system must point outside of itself to an unbiased ground for continuing validation and detection of errors. That to which reference is made loses it's value as a validator and error checker if it is incorporated into the belief system or if it incorporates the belief system into itself. Each must remain not- controlled by the other, essentially independent. The value of scientists' belief system cannot be confirmed by scientific methods. There are no scientific experiments which prove that scientists' ways of doing things are better than the ways of non-scientists. The process of validation of scientists' methods must be essentially a non-scientific process, if the process is to have any unbiased value. It is logically absurd to claim that the validation process must be carried out in a scientific way. This leaves open the question of just how the scientific enterprise is to be validated. Under what circumstances is it wise to behave as scientists do? Under what circumstances is it unwise to behave as scientists do? What kinds of people can give wise advice on such a fundamental question? (c) 2005 by Paul A. Smith in www.essayz.com Search for Integrity and Honesty (On Being Yourself, Whole and Healthy) ==========================================================
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